Bipolar disease or manic depression Is described as a mental health condition that can cause extreme mood shifts from high to low and low to high. Someone with bipolar disorder can have feelings of hopelessness and lose all interest in activities. During a mood shift to mania, a person can feel extreme happiness and full of energy.
QUESTION
I need someone to read the research and answer the questions with at least 2 reference.
Bipolar disease or manic depression Is described as a mental health condition that can cause extreme mood shifts from high to low and low to high. Someone with bipolar disorder can have feelings of hopelessness and lose all interest in activities. During a mood shift to mania, a person can feel extreme happiness and full of energy.
Symptoms of bipolar disorder can vary depending on the type of bipolar disorder a person has been diagnosed with, for example, people diagnosed with bipolar disorder I have had at least one manic episode followed by or preceded by a depressive episode while someone with bipolar disorder II will have had a depressive episode by not experienced a manic episode.
Biological issues with this disorder can be a change in brain chemistry which leads to the hypomania or full mania episodes including: being abnormally upbeat, increased activity or agitation, euphoria, decreased need for sleep, talkativeness, racing thoughts, distractibility and poor decision-making (for example buying sprees or taking sexual risks). These brain chemistry changes also lead to episodes of depression during which a patient may exhibit: depressed mood, loss of interest or feeling no pleasure in almost all activities, significant weight fluctuation due to either decreased or increased appetite, insomnia or sleeping too much, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or excessive/inappropriate guilt, indecisiveness and in severe cases even planning or attempting suicide.
Risk factors include being a child from a parent who has the same disorder, experiencing a significant traumatic event or drug/alcohol abuse. If left untreated, the condition can cause financial issues as well as work and school deficiencies. Other issues that can be seen are dependencies’ such as drugs and alcohol along with physical issues. Treatment options include medications (starting with mood stabilizers, to which antipsychotics, antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications may be added), day treatment programs to provide support and counseling, sometimes substance abuse treatment may be required and the most extreme treatments could include hospitalization or electroconvulsive (ECT) therapy.
For your reply post, consider and address the following questions:
Do you notice similarities among any of the conditions your classmates have discussed? If so, which ones?
Do mental health stigmas exist? How might stigmas affect patient diagnosis and treatment?
ANSWER
Bipolar Disorder: Understanding Symptoms, Biological Factors, and Treatment Options
Introduction
Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression, is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood shifts between highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). This essay explores the symptoms of bipolar disorder, including the variations between bipolar disorder I and II. Additionally, it examines the biological factors associated with the disorder, such as changes in brain chemistry. Moreover, it delves into the potential risk factors and consequences of leaving the disorder untreated. Finally, it discusses the available treatment options to manage bipolar disorder effectively.
Symptoms and Types of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder manifests with a range of symptoms that vary depending on the specific type. Bipolar disorder I is characterized by at least one manic episode followed by or preceded by a depressive episode. On the other hand, bipolar disorder II involves experiencing depressive episodes without full-blown manic episodes.
During manic episodes, individuals may exhibit symptoms such as abnormally elevated mood, increased energy and activity levels, talkativeness, racing thoughts, and poor decision-making. Conversely, depressive episodes are marked by symptoms like depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, changes in appetite and sleep patterns, fatigue, and feelings of worthlessness or guilt. In severe cases, suicidal ideation or attempts may occur.
Biological Factors and Brain Chemistry
Bipolar disorder is associated with biological factors, including changes in brain chemistry. These changes contribute to the occurrence of manic or hypomanic episodes as well as depressive episodes. Imbalances in neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin, play a significant role in the manifestation of symptoms. These alterations affect mood regulation, leading to the extreme shifts experienced by individuals with bipolar disorder.
Risk Factors and Consequences
Several risk factors contribute to the development of bipolar disorder. Genetic factors play a role, as having a parent with the disorder increases the likelihood of its occurrence. Additionally, significant traumatic events, substance abuse, and certain medical conditions can act as triggers or exacerbate symptoms.
Untreated bipolar disorder can have profound consequences. It can lead to financial difficulties, impairments in work or school performance, strained relationships, and increased risk of substance abuse. In severe cases, untreated individuals may experience debilitating episodes that impact their overall quality of life.
Treatment Options
Effective treatment of bipolar disorder involves a combination of approaches tailored to the individual’s needs. Medications, such as mood stabilizers, are commonly prescribed as a foundation for managing symptoms. Additional medications, such as antipsychotics, antidepressants, or anti-anxiety medications, may be incorporated when necessary. Counseling and therapy, including day treatment programs, can provide crucial support and help individuals develop coping strategies. Substance abuse treatment may be required if there is a co-occurring addiction. In rare cases, hospitalization or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be necessary for severe and treatment-resistant cases.
Part II: Mental Health Stigmas and their Impact
Mental health stigmas still exist in society, often leading to negative consequences for individuals seeking diagnosis and treatment. Stigmas surrounding mental illness can create barriers to seeking help due to fear of judgment, social exclusion, or discrimination. The associated shame and stigma may prevent individuals from openly discussing their symptoms or seeking professional assistance, delaying diagnosis and intervention.
The impact of stigmas on patient diagnosis and treatment is significant. Delayed diagnosis can lead to worsening symptoms, increased functional impairment, and higher risks of comorbidities. Moreover, individuals may avoid disclosing their mental health concerns to healthcare providers, limiting accurate assessment and appropriate treatment planning. Stigmatization may also affect treatment adherence and engagement in therapy, as patients may internalize negative beliefs and perceive themselves as flawed or weak.
Addressing mental health
ijmas requires concerted efforts from healthcare professionals, communities, and society as a whole. Promoting awareness, education, and empathy can help reduce stigmas and create an environment where individuals feel safe and supported in seeking help.
Conclusion
Bipolar disorder, characterized by extreme mood shifts, significantly impacts individuals’ lives if left untreated. Understanding the symptoms, biological factors, and potential consequences of the disorder is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment. By addressing mental health stigmas and providing accessible, comprehensive care, we can support individuals with bipolar disorder in managing their symptoms, improving their well-being, and achieving a higher quality of life.
