Bio week 2 response

A 40 year old has a endometrial biopsy report: benign endometrial hyperplasia.

Explain the diagnosis.

Endometrial hyperplasia is a disorder of the female reproductive system. The endometrium, also known as the lining of the uterus, grows to become abnormally thick. This thickness is caused by hyperplasia, which is excess reproductive cells. Though hyperplasia may not be cancer itself, it does increase the risk of cancer in certain women. (Cleveland Clinic, 2020,)

Which cells are implicated in this diagnosis? Compare and contrast atrophy vs. hyperplasia.

Endometrial hyperplasia stems from too much estrogen and not enough progesterone. During the ovulation phase of the reproductive system, estrogen thickens the endometrium and progesterone prepares the uterus for implantation. If pregnancy does not occur, the progesterone levels decrease. This causes the uterus to shed the lining in the form of a menstrual period.(McGraw Hill)

Hyperplasia is the increase in the number of cells (Ask The Difference, 2018

physiological hyperplasia:

Occurs due to a normal stressor. For example, increase in the size of the breasts during pregnancy, increase in thickness of endometrium during menstrual cycle, and liver growth after partial resection. (Ask The Difference, 2018)

pathological hyperplasia:

Occurs due to an abnormal stressor. For example, growth of adrenal glands due to production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by a pituitary adenoma, and proliferation of endometrium due to prolonged estrogen stimulus. (Ask The Difference, 2018)

Hypertrophy is the increased in the size of the cell. (Ask The Difference, 2018)

physiological hypertrophy:

Occurs due to a normal stressor. For example, enlargement of skeletal muscle with exercise. (Ask The Difference, 2018

pathological hypertrophy:

Occurs due to an abnormal stressor. For example, increase in the size of the heart due to aortic stenosis. Aortic stenosis is due to a change in the aortic valve, which obstructs the orifice, resulting in the left ventricle working harder to pump blood into the aorta. (Ask The Difference, 2018)

How does dysplasia differ from hyperplasia?

The key variance between dysplasia and hyperplasia is that Dysplasia is an irregular growth, at macroscopic or microscopical level and Hyperplasia is an upsurge in the quantity of biological tissue that outcomes from cell abundance.(Ask The Difference, 2018)

Does hyperplasia lead to neoplasia? Defend you answer

In some cases, pathological hyperplasia can develop into to neoplasia. An example includes, carcinoma, which is carefully connected to “compensatory hyperplasia of hepatic parenchymal cells seen in cirrhotic livers of chronic alcoholics.”(Elsevier B.V, 2020) Nevertheless, in people and certainly in animals, the margin of neoplasms mature without any earlier reparative production of the tissues that they begin from.

Reference

“Dysplasia vs. Hyperplasia.” Dysplasia vs. Hyperplasia – What’s the Difference? | Ask Difference, 11 July 2018, www.askdifference.com/dysplasia-vs-hyperplasia/.

“Endometrial Hyperplasia: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment.” Endometrial Hyperplasia, Cleveland Clinic, 2020, my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16569-atypical-endometrial-hyperplasia.

“Hyperplasia.” Hyperplasia – an Overview | ScienceDirect Topics, Elsevier B.V, 2020, www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/hyperplasia.

“Pathology: The Big Picture.” AccessMedicine, McGraw Hill, accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=499.

3. How does dysplasia differ from hyperplasia?

The key variance between dysplasia and hyperplasia is that Dysplasia is an irregular growth, at macroscopic or microscopical level and Hyperplasia is an upsurge in the quantity of biological tissue that outcomes from cell abundance.