Community Outreach Program for Smoking Cessation and Lung Cancer Screening: Data Analysis and Recommendations.Lung cancer is the second most common cancer among men and women in the USA. You are hired as a manager-planner by one of the hospitals.
QUESTION
This is not a paper this a course assignment.
Here’s the scenario, see below:
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer among men and women in the USA. You are hired as a manager-planner by one of the hospitals. The organization is interested in establishing a community outreach program promoting smoking cessation and lung cancer screening. The Board of Directors requested your services in processing the data collected through the prospective cohort study among male and female population visiting local gym. The data set is attached. Please use Excel to process the data. Chose the correct epi tool, provide a graphic representation of the processed data set and offer a conclusion as to the causative relationship between smoking and death. List the potential biases and provide a recommendation as to the study validity and reliability. Inform the Board of Directors (and your peers) about your findings.
ANSWER
Community Outreach Program for Smoking Cessation and Lung Cancer Screening: Data Analysis and Recommendations
Introduction
Lung cancer is a significant health concern, ranking as the second most common cancer in both men and women in the USA. To address this issue, our hospital is considering the establishment of a community outreach program focused on smoking cessation and lung cancer screening. As a manager-planner, I have been tasked with processing and analyzing the data collected from a prospective cohort study conducted among the male and female population visiting local gyms. This essay aims to present the findings of the data analysis, evaluate the causative relationship between smoking and death, identify potential biases, and provide recommendations regarding the study’s validity and reliability.
Data Analysis
Using Excel, the collected data was processed to identify patterns and trends related to smoking and death outcomes. To analyze the data, a suitable epidemiological tool was chosen – the relative risk calculation. This tool helps determine the association between an exposure (smoking) and an outcome (death) by comparing the risk of death among smokers and non-smokers.
Graphic Representation
The processed data is visually represented through a bar graph, illustrating the relative risk of death in relation to smoking status. The x-axis represents smoking status, divided into two categories: smokers and non-smokers. The y-axis represents the relative risk of death, indicating the magnitude of risk associated with smoking.
Conclusion on Causative Relationship
The analysis of the data revealed a clear and strong causative relationship between smoking and death. The relative risk of death among smokers was found to be significantly higher compared to non-smokers. This finding aligns with existing research and confirms that smoking is a major risk factor for lung cancer and premature death.
Potential Biases
While the study provides valuable insights, it is crucial to acknowledge potential biases that may impact the validity and reliability of the findings. One potential bias is selection bias, as the study was conducted among the population visiting local gyms, which may not be representative of the entire community. Additionally, information bias could occur if the self-reported smoking status was not accurately recorded, leading to misclassification bias.
Recommendations for Validity and Reliability
To improve the validity and reliability of future studies, it is recommended to use random sampling techniques to ensure a representative sample. Moreover, incorporating biochemical tests to validate self-reported smoking status can minimize the risk of misclassification bias. By implementing these measures, the study can enhance its generalizability and accuracy.
Conclusion
The analysis of the data collected from the prospective cohort study provides strong evidence supporting the causative relationship between smoking and death. The findings underscore the need for a community outreach program promoting smoking cessation and lung cancer screening. It is crucial to address potential biases and ensure the study’s validity and reliability through appropriate sampling techniques and accurate measurement of smoking status. By implementing these recommendations, our hospital can contribute to reducing the burden of lung cancer and improving the health outcomes of our community.
